{% extends "base_compliance.html" %}

{% block subtitle %}Copyleft Compliance Projects - {% endblock %}

{% block submenuselection %}EnforcementStrategy{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

<h1 id="glossary">Glossary of terms</h1>

<h3 id="auditability">auditability</h3>

<p>Ability to inspect the exact software running on a device. This includes version information, modifications and licensing information. </p>

<h3 id="bash">Bash</h3>

A very common utility for Linux-based systems. Bash was originally released under the General Public License version 2 (GPLv2), but newer versions of Bash are under version 3 (GPLv3). Descendants of both versions are utilized in the industry.

<h3 id="ccs">Complete Corresponding Source (CCS)</h3>

<p>“Informally, <acronym title="Complete Corresponding Source">CCS</acronym> is all of the technical materials and source code required to modify, run, and/or reinstall the software. The <acronym title="General Public License">GPL</acronym> and <acronym title="Lesser General Public License">LGPL</acronym> have a formal definitions for <acronym title="Complete Corresponding Source">CCS</acronym>, which is sometimes called "Corresponding Source."</p>

<h3 id="copyleft">copyleft / copyleft licensing</h3>

<p>A kind of software licensing that leverages the restrictions of copyright, but with the intent to promote sharing (using copyright licensing to freely use and repair software). Software programs are copylefted when they utilize software with a copyleft license. These copyleft licenses are unique in that they seek to put large corporations, small companies, consumers, and hobbyists all on equal footing. The intention is for this to be achieved by granting everyone the exact same rights, permissions, and privileges to modify, improve, and/or include the software in their products.</p>

<h3 id="compliance">copyleft compliance</h3>

<p>When companies utilize copylefted software, they thereby agree to the terms associated with its use. By utilizing copylefted software when designing products, companies agreed to these terms, and so have both contractual and copyright obligations to take certain actions to ensure others have the same rights they did with regard to the software. When rights are respected, the sharing of software under copyleft licensing is a mutually beneficial approach, but many companies are not holding up their side of the bargain. A company is in compliance when it ensures that all of its customers have the same rights, permission, and ability that it has to improve that software and install their improvements onto a device. The best way a company can demonstrate its intent to be in full compliance is by creating a vibrant third-party marketplace for improved software.</p>

<h3 id="end-users">end user</h3>

<p>An end user is someone who winds up using the software. In the case of TVs, an end user is simply the person who uses the TV. (See also third-party beneficiaries of the <acronym title="General Public License">GPL</acronym>)</p>

<h3 id="ethical-technology">ethical technology</h3>

<p>Technology that serves its users, rather than the corporations who profit from it. Ethical technology preserves and promotes the rights of those impacted by it. </p>

<h3 id="foss">FOSS</h3>

<p>Acronym for free and open source software (FOSS). See software freedom.</p>

<h3 id="foss-commons">FOSS commons</h3>

<p>The Digital Library of the Commons defines “commons” as “a general term for shared resources in which each stakeholder has an equal interest”. The FOSS commons refers to a commons for free and open source software (FOSS). See also software freedom.</p>

<h3 id="firmware">firmware</h3>

<p>Software on embedded devices that is written for the purpose of operating the specific hardware of that device.</p>

<h3 id="tar">GNU tar</h3>

<p>A copylefted program for storing large groups of files inside another file. Incredibly common and used ubiquitously. </p>

<h3 id="gpl">General Public License (GPL) </h3>

<p>A copyleft license that ensures end users the freedom to run, study, share, and modify the software. Often referred to as “the GPL.” Also known as GNU General Public License (GPL).</p>

<h3 id="gpl-software">GPL’d software</h3>

<p>Software that has been released under the terms of the <acronym title="General Public License">GPL</acronym>.</p>

<h3 id="right-to-repair">right-to-repair software</h3>

<p>The ability to repair the software on your device in the same way you can repair the physical aspects of your tools. Software Freedom Conservancy asserts that this right is overlooked and needs additional legal protections (as the <acronym title="Federal Trade Commission">FTC</acronym> has agreed with) to protect consumers. Software Freedom Conservancy focuses specifically on the right to software repair; other great organizations like the Repair Association focus on the right to hardware repair. The two rights go hand-in-hand in our modern world where nearly all electronic devices also have small computers inside them.</p>

<h3 id="samygo">SamyGo project</h3>

<p>A software project designed to improve the functionality of the software on Samsung TVs. </p>

<h3 id="software">software (vs hardware)</h3>

<p>An analogy is that ingredients and tools for cooking are hardware and the recipe is software. Both the physical components (computers, phones, TVs) and the ideas (software, programs, algorithms) are necessary.</p>

<h3 id="devices">software-based electronics devices</h3>

<p>Devices like pacemakers have all the necessary hardware to beat your heart, but need the software to do it safely in a way that makes it useful. More and more devices are defined by their software, rather than the hardware (sensors, motors, radio, etc). </p>

<h3 id="software-freedom">software freedom</h3>

<p>The freedom of a user to run, study, (re)distribute, and (re)install (modified) versions of a piece of software. More generally, it is the idea that we are entitled to rights when using software and there should be equal protections for privacy and redistribution. The rights should treat everyone equally—big businesses and individual consumers and users alike.</p>

<h3 id="source-code">source code</h3>

<p>The human readable code written by people that gets turned into binary code that only a computer can understand. </p>

<h3 id="specific-performance">specific performance</h3>

<p>Fulfilling the requirements of a contract in exactly the way the contract specifies. When most contracts are disputed in court, the plaintiff expects to receive money, that they can use to remedy the harm that the other party caused them in not holding up their side of the deal. When a plaintiff seeks specific performance, they want something that money can’t replace.</p>

<h3 id="third-party-beneficiary">third-party beneficiaries of the GPL</h3>

<p>People who aren’t a party to a <acronym title="General Public License">GPL</acronym> agreement, but who would benefit from the contract if the parties to the <acronym title="General Public License">GPL</acronym> do as they promise under the agreement. An example of such a benefit might be the receipt of the source code of the GPL’d software. See also General Public License (GPL).</p>

{% endblock %}

{% extends "base_conservancy.html" %}

{% load cache %}

{% load humanize %}

{% block head %}

<link href="/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>

<link href="/forms.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>

{% endblock %}

{% block outercontent %}

<div class="donate-sidebar">

<table style="background-color:#afe478;width:100%;">

<tr><td style="text-align:center;padding:10px;padding-bottom:10px;">

<div id="donate-box" class="toggle-unit"><h1 class="toggle-content">Support

    Now!</h1></div>

<h3>Support Copyleft Enforcement Now!</h3>

<p>

  To support our copyleft compliance & enforcement work,

  please <a href="/sustainer/#annual"><span class="donate-box-highlight">become a Conservancy

      Sustainer <strong>right now</strong></span></a>.  We can't sustain

  this work without ongoing support from donors like you!</p>

</td></tr></table>

</div>

<div class="content-with-donate-sidebar">

    <div id="container">

         <div id="sidebar" class="{% block submenuselection %}other{% endblock %}">

            <h2>Our Copyleft {% block category %}Compliance{% endblock %} Projects</h2>

            <ul>

            <li class="AboutCompliance"><a href="/copyleft-compliance/about.html">About</a></li>

            <li class="EnforcementStrategy"><a href="/copyleft-compliance/enforcement-strategy.html">Strategic GPL Enforcement Initiative</a></li>

            <li class="CopyleftPrinciples"><a href="/copyleft-compliance/principles.html">Principles of Community-Oriented GPL Enforcement</a></li>

            <li class="LiberateFirmware"><a href="/copyleft-compliance/firmware-liberation.html">Liberate IoT Firmware via GPL Enforcement</a></li>

            <li class="VMwareLawsuitLinks"><a href="/copyleft-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-links.html">VMware Lawsuit: Summary and Resources</a></li>

            <li class="CopyleftOrg"><a href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft.org</a></li>

            </ul>

         </div>

               <div id="mainContent">{% block content %}{% endblock %}

               </div>

</div></div>

{% endblock %}

{% load humanize %}

{% load subtract %}

{% load min %}

{% load static %}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">

  <head>

    <title>{% block title %}{% block subtitle %}{% endblock %}Software Freedom Conservancy{% endblock %}</title>

    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />

    <meta name="description" content="The Software Freedom Conservancy provides a non-profit home and services to Free, Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects." />

    <meta name="keywords" content="software, freedom, conservancy, open source, gnu, GNU, Open Source, Free and Open Source, Free and Open Source Software, FLOSS, FOSS, protect, protection, help, policy, linux, non-profit" />

    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'css/tachyons.css' %}"/>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="/css/conservancy.css" />

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="(min-width: 67em)" href="/css/conservancy-bigscreen.css" />

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery-ui-1.8.22.custom.css" />

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/jquery.ui.multiprogressbar.css" />

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery-ui-1.8.22.custom.min.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.outerhtml.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.ui.multiprogressbar.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/conservancy.js"></script>

    {% block head %}{% endblock %}

  </head>

  <body class="conservancy-{% block category %}other{% endblock %}">

    <header>

      <div class="flex-ns center mw8">

        <div class="w-60-ns">

          <h1 id="conservancyheader" class="mt2 mt3-ns mb2 mb3-ns">

            <a href="/">

              <img src="{% static 'img/conservancy-header.svg' %}" alt="Software Freedom Conservancy" class="db center mh3-ns" />

            </a>

          </h1>

        </div>

        <div class="w-40-ns mt2 mt4-ns mb2 mb2-ns mh2 pt1 flex flex-wrap justify-center items-center">

          <span id="menu-icon" class="dn-ns ph2 pointer">

            <svg style="color: var(--orange); width: 30px; height: 30px;"><use href="{% static 'img/font_awesome.svg' %}#bars"></use></svg>

          </span>

          <a href="/donate/" class="f5 mh1 mv1 ph2 pv1 ttu b btn-orange">Donate</a>

          <a href="/sustainer/" class="f5 mh1 mv1 ph2 pv1 ttu b btn-orange">Join</a>

          <a href="#fixme" class="f5 mh1 mv1 ph2 pv1 ttu b btn-white">Special</a>

          <span id="search-icon" class="dib ph2 pointer">

            <svg style="color: var(--orange); width: 30px; height: 30px;"><use href="{% static 'img/font_awesome.svg' %}#search"></use></svg>

          </span>

        </div>

      </div>

    </header>

    <div id="navbar-outer" class="mt2 mt0-ns mb2">

      <div id="navbar" class="center mw8 nested-list-resetb dn db-ns">

        <ul class="f5 ttu flex flex-wrap justify-center">

          <!-- Remaining previous menu items

          <li class="Projects"><a href="/projects/">Projects</a></li>

          <li class="npoacct"><a href="/npoacct/">NPOAcct</a></li>

          -->

          <li class="search dn-ns">

            <form method="get" action="https://duckduckgo.com" class="ml2 flex mw6">

              <input id="search-query" type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search with DuckDuckGo" class="pa2 ba b--gray br0" style="x-border-right: none; flex: 1 1 auto; width: 1%;" />

              <input type="hidden" name="sites" value="sfconservancy.org" />

              <button type="submit" class="bg-orange bn white pa2 pointer btn-orange" style="margin-left: -1px;">

                <svg style="color: white; width: 20px; height: 20px;"><use href="{% static 'img/font_awesome.svg' %}#search"></use></svg></a>

              </button>

    </form>

          </li>

          <li class="home dn db-ns"><a href="/">Home</a></li>

          <li class="what"><a href="#fixme">What we do</a>

            <ul>

              <li><a href="/projects/">Member Projects</a></li>

              <li><a href="/copyleft-compliance/">Copyleft Compliance</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">Special</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">FAQs</a></li>

            </ul>

          </li>

          <li class="who"><a href="#fixme">Who we are</a>

            <ul>

              <li><a href="/sponsors/">Sponsors</a></li>

              <li><a href="/sustainer/">Sustainers</a></li>

              <li><a href="/about/board/">Board of Directors</a></li>

              <li><a href="/about/staff/">Staff</a></li>

              <li><a href="/about/eval-committee/">Evaluation Committee</a></li>

              <li><a href="/about/outside/">Outside Counsel, et alia</a></li>

            </ul>

          </li>

          <li class="learn"><a href="#fixme">Learn</a>

            <ul>

              <li><a href="/copyleft-compliance/glossary.html">Glossary of Terms</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">Q&A</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">Recommended Resources</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">In The News</a></li>

            </ul>

          </li>

          <li class="news"><a href="/news/">News</a>

            <ul>

              <li><a href="/news/">News Releases</a></li>

              <li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">In The News</a></li>

            </ul>

          </li>

          <li class="about"><a href="/about/">About</a>

            <ul>

              <li><a href="#fixme">Who we are</a></li>

              <li><a href="#fixme">Transparency</a></li>

              <li><a href="/about/contact/">Contact</a></li>

            </ul>

          </li>

        </ul>

      </div>

      <div id="navbar-clear"></div>

    </div>

{% comment %}

# FUNDRAISER VARIABLES AND CONSTANTS GUIDE

## From Local Context

* datetime_now: Current DateTime in UTC

* sitefundgoal: The current FundraisingGoal. Attributes:

  * fundraiser_goal_amount: The amount being matched

  * fundraiser_so_far_amount: The amount contributed so far

  * fundraiser_donation_count: The number of people who have contributed so far

  * fundraiser_donation_count_disclose_threshold: The number of new Sustainers that can be double-matched this fundraiser.

      (No, this name makes no sense. We're repurposing an existing model field for this new reason.)

* sitefundgoal_endtime: DateTime when sitefundgoal ends.

## Local convenience variables

* sitefundgoal_timeleft: TimeDelta for how much time remains in the current fundraiser

* this_match_goal: The amount being matched

* this_match_so_far: The amount contributed so far

* this_match_remaining: this_match_goal - this_match_so_far

{% endcomment %}

{% if sitefundgoal and sitefundgoal.fundraiser_so_far_amount and datetime_now < sitefundgoal_endtime %}

{% with this_match_goal=sitefundgoal.fundraiser_goal_amount this_match_so_far=sitefundgoal.fundraiser_so_far_amount %}

{% with this_match_remaining=this_match_goal|subtract:this_match_so_far sitefundgoal_timeleft=sitefundgoal_endtime|subtract:datetime_now %}

    <div class="fundraiser-top-text">

      <p>

        {% if this_match_remaining <= 0 %}

          Thanks to {{ sitegoal.fundraiser_donation_count|intcomma }} Sustainers we earned our full match!

          Help us go further to stand up for software freedom &mdash; <a href="/sustainer">sign up now</a>!

        {% else %}

          {% if sitefundgoal_timeleft.total_seconds <= 0 %}

            The

          {% elif sitefundgoal_timeleft.days == 0 %}

            Through today only, the

          {% elif sitefundgoal_timeleft.days == 1 %}

            Through tomorrow only, the

          {% elif sitefundgoal_timeleft.days < 14 %}

            For only {{ sitefundgoal_timeleft.days }} more days, the

          {% else %}

            Until January 15, the

          {% endif %}

        next ${{ this_match_remaining|floatformat:0|intcomma }} of <a href="/sustainer/">support we receive</a> will be matched!

        {% endif %}

      </p>

{% if sitefundgoal.fundraiser_so_far_amount %}

<div id="siteprogressbar">

<a href="/sustainer">

  We've matched

  {% if this_match_remaining <= 0 %}

  $<span id="site-fundraiser-match-count">{{ this_match_goal|intcomma }}</span>

  {% else %}

  $<span id="site-fundraiser-match-count">{{ this_match_so_far|intcomma }}</span>

  {% endif %}

  of

  $<span id="site-fundraiser-final-goal">{{ this_match_goal|intcomma }}</span>

  so far!

</a>

</div>

{% endif %}

</div>

{% endwith %}

{% endwith %}

{% endif %}

    <div class="mw8 center ph2 ph3-ns">

      {% block outercontent %}<div id="mainContent"> {% block content %}{% endblock %}</div>{% endblock %}

    </div>

    <div id="conservancyfooter" class="mt4 pt3 ph3 bg-light-gray">

      <p>Connect with Conservancy on

        <a href="https://mastodon.technology/@conservancy">Mastodon</a>,

        <a href="https://twitter.com/conservancy">Twitter</a>,

        <a href="https://www.facebook.com/SoftwareFreedomConservancy/">Facebook</a>,

        and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUEeuNvX2UyTTyTYXR9dm_A">YouTube</a>.</p>

      <p><a href="/">Main Page</a> | <a href="/about/contact/">Contact</a> | <a href="/sponsors/">Sponsors</a> | <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="/feeds/omnibus/">RSS Feed</a></p>

      <p>Our privacy policy was last updated <strong>22 December 2020</strong>.</p>

      <p class="copyright_info">

      <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a>

      <br />This page, and all contents herein, unless a license is otherwise

      specified, are licensed under a