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www/conservancy/static/about/officers/index.html
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<p>The <a href="/about/board/">Board of Directors</a> of the Conservancy
 
elects its officers.  The current officers are:</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Bradley M. Kuhn - President</h2>
 

	
 
<p><a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is the President and
 
Distinguished Technologist at <a href="http://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 
Freedom Conservancy</a> and on the Board of Directors of the <a
 
Distinguished Technologist at Software
 
Freedom Conservancy and on the Board of Directors of the <a
 
href="http://fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation (FSF)</a>. Kuhn began his
 
work in the software freedom movement as a volunteer in 1992, when he became
 
an early adopter of the GNU/Linux operating system, and began contributing to
 
various FLOSS projects.  He worked during the 1990s as a system administrator
 
and software developer for various companies, and taught AP Computer Science
 
at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's non-profit career began in
www/conservancy/static/about/staff/index.html
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@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ from The Cooper Union. She is a recipient of an O'Reilly Open Source Award
 
and also co-host of the <a href="http://faif.us">&ldquo;Free as in
 
Freedom&rdquo; podcast</a>.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Bradley M. Kuhn - President and Distinguished Technologist</h2>
 
<a id="bkuhn"></a>
 
<p><a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is the President and
 
Distinguished Technologist at <a href="http://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 
Freedom Conservancy</a> and on the Board of Directors of the <a
 
Distinguished Technologist at Software
 
Freedom Conservancy and on the Board of Directors of the <a
 
href="http://fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation (FSF)</a>. Kuhn began his
 
work in the software freedom movement as a volunteer in 1992, when he became
 
an early adopter of the GNU/Linux operating system, and began contributing to
 
various FLOSS projects.  He worked during the 1990s as a system administrator
 
and software developer for various companies, and taught AP Computer Science
 
at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's non-profit career began in
www/conservancy/static/copyleft-compliance/about.html
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@@ -103,20 +103,20 @@ Conservancy should contact <a href="mailto:debian-services@sfconservancy.org">&l
 
  improved since 2002, and are themselves copylefted, and developed
 
  collaboratively in public.</p>
 

	
 
<p>However, the Guide is admittedly a large document, so for those who are
 
  interested in a short summary of describing how Conservancy handles GPL
 
  enforcement and compliance
 
  work, <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2012/feb/01/gpl-enforcement/">this
 
  work, <a href="/blog/2012/feb/01/gpl-enforcement/">this
 
  blog post outlining the compliance process</a> is likely the best source.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Reporting GPL Violations To Us</h2>
 

	
 
<p>If you are aware of a license violation or compliance issue regarding
 
  Debian, Linux, or
 
  any <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/">Conservancy member
 
  any <a href="/members/current/">Conservancy member
 
  project</a> (&mdash; in particular BusyBox, Evergreen, Inkscape, Mercurial,
 
  Samba, Sugar Labs, or Wine),
 
  please <a href="mailto:compliance@sfconservancy.org">contact us by email at
 
    &lt;compliance@sfconservancy.org&gt;</a>.</p>
 

	
 
<p>If you think you've found a GPL violation, we encourage you to
www/conservancy/static/copyleft-compliance/vmware-code-similarity.html
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{% block subtitle %}Copyleft Compliance Projects - {% endblock %}
 
{% block submenuselection %}VMwareCodeSimilarity{% endblock %}
 
{% block content %}
 

	
 
<h1 id="contribution-and-similarity-analysis-of-christoph-hellwigs-linux-code-as-found-in-vmware-esxi-5.5">Contribution and Similarity Analysis of Christoph Hellwig's Linux Code as found in VMware ESXi 5.5</h1>
 
<p>This analysis verifies by reproducible analysis a set of specific contributions that are clearly made by Christoph Hellwig to Linux, and shows how those contributions appear in the VMware ESXi 5.5 product.</p>
 
<p>This analysis was prepared and written by <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/about/staff/#bkuhn">Bradley M. Kuhn</a>.</p>
 
<p>This analysis was prepared and written by <a href="/about/staff/#bkuhn">Bradley M. Kuhn</a>.</p>
 
<h1 id="understanding-code-similarity-and-cloning">Understanding Code Similarity and &quot;Cloning&quot;</h1>
 
<p>Software is often modified in various ways; indeed, Linux developers form a community that encourages and enables modification by many parties. Given this development model, communities often find it valuable to determine when software source code moves from one place to another with only minor modifications. Various scientifically-vetted techniques can be used to identify &quot;clones&quot; -- a portion of code that is substantially similar to pre-existing source code. The specific area of academic research is called &quot;code cloning detection&quot; or &quot;code duplication detection&quot;. The area has been under active research since the mid-1990s <a href="#fn1" class="footnoteRef" id="fnref1"><sup>1</sup></a>. In 2002, Japanese researchers published a tool called CCFinder <a href="#fn2" class="footnoteRef" id="fnref2"><sup>2</sup></a>, which, in its updated incarnation (called CCFinderX), is widely used and referenced by academic researchers in the field <a href="#fn3" class="footnoteRef" id="fnref3"><sup>3</sup></a> and has specifically been used to explore reuses of code in GPL'd software such as Linux <a href="#fn4" class="footnoteRef" id="fnref4"><sup>4</sup></a>.</p>
 
<p>CCFinderX uses a token-based clone detection method and a suffix-tree matching algorithm; both techniques have been highly vetted and considered in the academic literature. The techniques are considered viable and useful in detecting clones. Many academic papers on the subject have been peer-reviewed and published, and nearly every newly published paper compares its new techniques of clone detection to the seminal results found by CCFinderX. For purposes of our analysis, we have therefore chosen to use CCFinderX. These results can be easily reproduced since CCFinderX is, itself, also Open Source software.</p>
 
<h1 id="establishing-a-baseline-of-the-ccfinderx-tool">Establishing A Baseline of the CCFinderX Tool</h1>
 
<p>CCFinderX offers many statistics for clone detection. After expert analysis, we concluded that most relevant to this situation is the &quot;ratio of similarity&quot; between the existing code and the new code. To establish a baseline, we considered two different comparisons of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). First, we compared the Linux kernel, Version 4.5.2, to the FreeBSD kernel, Version 10.3.0. This comparison was inspired by the similar 2002 study <a href="#fn5" class="footnoteRef" id="fnref5"><sup>5</sup></a> of these two large C programs. The hypothesis remained that CCFinderX would encounter a low but significant percentage of code similarity, since the FreeBSD and Linux projects collaborate on some subprojects and willingly share code under the 3-Clause BSD license for those parts. (These collaborations are public and well-documented.)</p>
 
<p>The experiment confirmed the hypothesis. We found that a 3.68% &quot;ratio of similarity&quot; when comparing code from Linux to the FreeBSD kernel.</p>
www/conservancy/static/copyleft-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-appeal.html
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<p><em>In March 2015, Conservancy <a href="/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/">announced Christoph Hellwig's
 
    lawsuit against VMware in Germany</a>.  In July 2016,
 
    we <a href="/news/2016/aug/09/vmware-appeal/">announced that Christoph
 
    would appeal the lower court's ruling</a>.</p>
 
    Support Conservancy's and Christoph's efforts in this area
 
    by <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">becoming a Conservancy
 
    by <a href="/supporter/">becoming a Conservancy
 
    supporter</a> or <a href="#donate-box" class="donate-now">donating via
 
    the link on the right</a>.</em></p>
 

	
 

	
 
<p>We were told to ask nicely and repeatedly, so we did.</p>
 

	
www/conservancy/static/npoacct/index.html
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@@ -171,13 +171,13 @@ Foundation</a>, The <a href="http://www.gnome.org/foundation/">GNOME Foundation<
 
  current form for another NPO, unless they also have a
 
  skilled technical employee to act as bookkeeper.  This project aims to build
 
  on what Conservancy has learned and produce a non-profit accounting system
 
  that corrects these flaws.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Finally, Conservancy's mission (as stated
 
on <a href="http://sfconservancy.org/docs/conservancy_Form-1023.pdf">our Form
 
on <a href="/docs/conservancy_Form-1023.pdf">our Form
 
1023 with the USA IRS</a>) includes producing Open Source and Free Software.
 
Thus, this project is a great way to pursue Conservancy's mission and address a
 
specific need that so many NPOs (including us) have.  If no one steps up to create Free Software to replace the widely used
 
proprietary software, NPOs in aggregate will pay <em>much more</em> money for
 
proprietary licensing than Conservancy will ever spend in developing a
 
replacement. Please <a href="#donate-box" class="donate-now">donate
www/conservancy/static/supporter/original-supporter-appeal.html
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@@ -89,13 +89,13 @@ conferences, and publish materials to increase understanding about the
 
organizational, community and legal issues around free and open source
 
software. We advocate for free and open source software and provide
 
education around that mission.  We form partnerships across our
 
communities to work more effectively.  Check out <a 
 
href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft.org</a>
 
or sign up to join the <a 
 
href="http://sfconservancy.org/news/2014/aug/12/tax-exempt-working-group/">
 
href="/news/2014/aug/12/tax-exempt-working-group/">
 
tax exempt working group</a>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>we seek to solve problems for the public through free and open 
 
source
 
software.  We've launched a <a href="https://npoacct.sfconservancy.org/">
 
nonprofits accounting project</a> to help all
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