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{% extends "base_about.html" %}
 
{% block subtitle %}Directors - {% endblock %}
 
{% block submenuselection %}Directors{% endblock %}
 
{% block content %}
 

	
 
<h1>Directors</h1>
 

	
 
<p>Like many non-profits, Conservancy is directed by a
 
self-perpetuating Board of Directors, who
 
appoint <a href="/about/officers/">Officers</a> to carry out the
 
appoint the <a href="/about/staff/">Executive Director and staff</a> to carry out the
 
day-to-day operations of the organization.  The Directorship of the
 
Conservancy includes both talented non-profit managers and experienced
 
FLOSS project leaders who can both guide the administrative operations of
 
the organization as well as mentor member project leaders as needed.  Our
 
Directors constantly search for additional directors who can contribute a
 
variety of expertise and perspective related to the Conservancy's
 
mission.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Currently, the directors of Conservancy are:</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Jeremy Allison</h2>
 

	
...
 
@@ -73,78 +73,115 @@ consortium that aims to promote robust research practice in the UK.</p>
 
<p>Mark Galassi has been involved in the GNU project since 1984. He
 
currently works as a researcher in the International, Space, and Response
 
division at Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he has worked on the
 
HETE-2 satellite, ISIS/Genie, the Raptor telescope, the Swift satellite,
 
and the muon tomography project. In 1997 Mark took a couple of years off
 
from Los Alamos (where he was previously in the ISR division and the
 
Theoretical Astrophysics group) to work for Cygnus (now a part of Red Hat)
 
writing software and books for eCos, although he continued working on the
 
HETE-2 satellite (an astrophysical Gamma Ray Burst mission) part
 
time. Mark earned his BA in Physics at Reed College and a PhD from the
 
Institute for Theoretical Physics at Stony Brook. </p>
 

	
 
<h2>Bdale Garbee</h2>
 

	
 
<p><a href="https://gag.com/bdale/">Bdale Garbee</a> has been a contributor
 
to the Free Software community since 1979.  Bdale's background also includes
 
many years of hardware design, Unix internals, and embedded systems work.
 
He was an early participant in the Debian project, helped port Debian
 
GNU/Linux to 5 architectures, served as Debian Project Leader, then
 
chairman of the Debian Technical Committee for nearly a decade, and remains
 
active in the Debian community.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Bdale served as an HP Fellow in the Office of the CTO until 2016 where
 
he led HP's open source strategy work.  Bdale served as President of
 
Software in the Public Interest for a decade.  He served nearly as long on
 
the board of directors of the Linux Foundation representing individual
 
affiliates and the developer community.  Bdale currently serves on the
 
boards of the Freedombox Foundation, Linux Professional Institute, and
 
Aleph Objects.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Bradley M. Kuhn</h2>
 

	
 
<p><a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is the President and
 
Distinguished Technologist at <a href="/">Software Freedom Conservancy</a>,
 
on the Board of Directors of the <a href="https://fsf.org/">Free Software
 
Foundation (FSF)</a>, and editor-in-chief
 
<a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is
 
the <a href="/about/staff/#bkuhn">Policy Fellow and Hacker-in-Residence</a>
 
at <a href="/">Software Freedom Conservancy</a> and editor-in-chief
 
of <a href="https://copyleft.org">copyleft.org</a>. Kuhn began his work in
 
the software freedom movement as a volunteer in 1992, when he became an early
 
adopter of the GNU/Linux operating system, and began contributing to various
 
Free Software projects.  He worked during the 1990s as a system administrator
 
and software developer for various companies, and taught AP Computer Science
 
at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's non-profit career began in
 
2000, when he was hired by the FSF.  As FSF's Executive Director from
 
2001&ndash;2005, Kuhn led <a href="https://www.fsf.org/licensing">FSF's GPL
 
enforcement</a>, launched <a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/">its
 
Associate Member program</a>, and invented
 
adopter of Linux-based systems, and began contributing to various Free
 
Software projects, including Perl.  He worked during the 1990s as a system
 
administrator and software developer for various companies, and taught AP
 
Computer Science at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's
 
non-profit career began in 2000, when he was hired by the FSF.  As FSF's
 
Executive Director from 2001&ndash;2005, Kuhn
 
led <a href="https://www.fsf.org/licensing">FSF's GPL enforcement</a>,
 
launched <a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/">its Associate Member
 
program</a>, and invented
 
the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html">Affero GPL</a>.  Kuhn
 
was appointed President of Software Freedom Conservancy in April 2006, was
 
Conservancy's primary volunteer from 2006&ndash;2010, and has been a
 
full-time staffer since early 2011.  Kuhn holds a summa cum laude B.S. in
 
Computer Science
 
from <a href="http://www.loyola.edu/academic/computerscience">Loyola
 
University in Maryland</a>, and an M.S. in Computer Science from
 
the <a href="http://www.cs.uc.edu/">University of
 
Cincinnati</a>.  <a href="http://www.ebb.org/bkuhn/articles/thesis/">Kuhn's
 
Master's thesis</a> discussed methods for dynamic interoperability of Free
 
Software programming languages.  Kuhn received
 
the <a href="http://www.oscon.com/oscon2012/public/schedule/detail/25039">O'Reilly
 
Open Source Award in 2012</a>, in recognition for his lifelong policy work on
 
copyleft licensing.  Kuhn <a href="/blog/?author=bkuhn">blogs at
 
Conservancy</a> and co-hosts the
 
audcast, <a href="http://faif.us/"><cite>Free as in Freedom</cite></a>, with
 
Conservancy's <a href="/about/staff/#karen">Executive Director, Karen
 
Sandler</a>.
 
</p>
 

	
 
copyleft licensing.  Kuhn has <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/blog/">a
 
blog</a> and co-hosts
 
the audcast, <a href="http://faif.us/"><cite>Free as in Freedom</cite></a>.
 
  
 
<h2>Mike Linksvayer</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Mike Linksvayer serves on the boards of AcaWiki and OpenHatch,
 
and on the Open Definition Advisory Council, and is Policy Director at GitHub.
 
Previously Mike was CTO, VP, and a Senior Fellow at Creative Commons, and a
 
co-founder of Bitzi, an early open content/open
 
data mass collaboration platform.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Martin Michlmayr</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Martin Michlmayr has been involved in various free and open source
 
software projects for over 20 years.  He acted as the leader of the
 
Debian project for two years, served on the board of the Open Source
 
Initiative (OSI) for six years and currently serves on the board of
 
Software Freedom Conservancy.  Martin earned a PhD from the University
 
of Cambridge and he received an O'Reilly Open Source Award in 2013 for
 
his contributions to the open source community.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Allison Randal</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Over the course of multiple decades as a free software developer,
 
Allison has worked in a wide variety of projects and domains, from
 
games, linguistic analysis tools, websites, mobile apps, shipping
 
fulfillment, and talking smart-home appliances, to programming language
 
design, compilers, hypervisors, containers, deployment automation,
 
database replication, and operating systems.</p>
 

	
 
<p>She is a board member at the Perl Foundation, a board member at the
 
OpenStack Foundation, and co-founder of the FLOSS Foundations group for
 
free software community leaders. At various points in the past she has
 
served as president of the Open Source Initiative, president of the Perl
 
Foundation, board member of the Python Software Foundation, chairman of
 
the Parrot Foundation, chief architect of the Parrot virtual machine,
 
Open Source Evangelist at O’Reilly Media, conference chair of OSCON,
 
Technical Architect of Ubuntu, Open Source Advisor at Canonical,
 
Distinguished Technologist and Open Source Strategist at HP, and
 
Distinguished Engineer at SUSE. She collaborates in the Debian project,
 
and is currently taking a mid-career research sabbatical at the
 
University of Cambridge.</p>
 

	
 
<h2>Tony Sebro</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Tony currently serves as the Deputy General Counsel for
 
    the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Home">Wikimedia
 
    Foundation</a>, where he manages the day-to-day operations of Wikimedia's
 
    legal department, and provide specific expertise on free and open source
 
    licensing, intellectual property, non-profit law, and privacy matters.
 
    Tony is also an organizer of
 
    Conservancy's <a href="https://outreachy.org">Outreachy</a> project,
 
    which provides paid internships in free and open source for people from
 
    groups traditionally underrepresented in tech.  Prior to joining
 
    Wikimedia, Tony served as General Counsel (and &ldquo;Employee #2&rdquo;)
www/conservancy/static/about/filings/index.html
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{% block submenuselection %}Filings{% endblock %}
 
{% block content %}
 

	
 
<h1>Public Filings</h1>
 

	
 
<p>Like all USA 501(c)(3) non-profits, the Conservancy files an annual Form 990 and,
 
as a non-profit in the State of New York, files an annual CHAR-500 with
 
New York State.  Below, Conservancy makes available these filings for
 
public inspection, in reverse chronological order:</p>
 

	
 
<ul>
 

	
 
<li>Fiscal Year 2019 (from 2019-03-01 through 2020-02-29)
 
  <p>Our FY 2019 ends on 2020-02-29. Our annual filings are due with the USA
 
  Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and New York
 
  State <a href="https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/return-due-dates-for-exempt-organizations-annual-return">on
 
  2020-07-15</a>.  They will be posted here shortly after filing.</p>
 
</li>
 

	
 
<li>Fiscal Year 2018 (from 2018-03-01 through 2019-02-28)
 
  <p>Our FY 2018 ends on 2019-02-28. Our annual filings are due with the USA
 
  Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and New York
 
  State <a href="https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/return-due-dates-for-exempt-organizations-annual-return">on
 
  2019-07-15</a>.  They will be posted here shortly after filing.</p>
 
  2020-01-15</a>.  They will be posted here shortly after filing.</p>
 
</li>
 

	
 
<li>Fiscal Year 2017 (from 2017-03-01 through 2018-02-28)
 
<ul>
 
<li><a href="/docs/conservancy_Form-990_fy-2017.pdf">FY 2017 Federal Form 990 (PDF)</a></li>
 
<li><a href="/docs/conservancy_independent-audit_fy-2017.pdf">FY 2017 Independent Auditor's Report (PDF)</a></li>
 
<li><a href="/docs/conservancy_CHAR-500_fy-2017.pdf">FY 2017 New York State CHAR-500 (PDF)</a></li>
 
</ul>
 
</li>
 
</li>
 

	
 
<li>Fiscal Year 2016 (from 2016-03-01 through 2017-02-28)
www/conservancy/static/about/index.html
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...
 
@@ -38,28 +38,27 @@ software development and documentation.</p>
 
  Conservancy can assist in defending the rights represented in these
 
  assets.  For example, Conservancy is available to assist member projects
 
  in enforcing the terms of the projects' FLOSS license.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Finally, developers of Conservancy's member projects, when operating in
 
  their capacity as project leaders, could receive some protection from personal
 
  liability for their work on the project.</p>
 

	
 
<p>For further reading on the benefits of Conservancy, a full and detailed <a href="/members/services/">list of Conservancy's
 
  services for its member projects</a> and a <a href="/members/current/">a
 
  list of Conservancy's current member projects</a> are available.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Conservancy and
 
  its <a href="/about/board">directors</a>, <a href="/about/officers">officers</a>,
 
  and <a href="/about/staff">staff</a> believe strongly in the principles
 
  of software freedom, and believe that all users should have the right to
 
<p>Conservancy and its <a href="/about/board">directors</a>
 
  and <a href="/about/staff">staff</a> believe strongly in the principles of
 
  software freedom, and believe that all users should have the right to
 
  study, improve and share their software.  Conservancy helps protect,
 
  enable, coordinate, facilitate and defend the public's right to copy,
 
  share, modify and redistribute FLOSS both non-commercially and
 
  commercially.  Finally, like most organizations devoted to FLOSS,
 
  Conservancy opposes the notion of patents that cover software, and urges
 
  contributors to its member projects not to apply for patents.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Conservancy strives to be as transparent as possible, and makes
 
  its <a href="/about/filings/">public filings available on its website</a>.
 
  Our staff <a href="/blog/">blog
 
  regularly</a> about our activities.
 
  Finally, <a href="/members/">detailed information about the work that
www/conservancy/static/about/officers/index.html
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www/conservancy/static/about/staff/index.html
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{% extends "base_about.html" %}
 
{% block subtitle %}Staff - {% endblock %}
 
{% block submenuselection %}Staff{% endblock %}
 
{% block content %}
 
<h1>Staff</h1>
 

	
 
<h2 id="karen">Karen M. Sandler - Executive Director</h2>
 
<p>The staff are listed alphabetically by surname.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Karen M. Sandler is the executive director of Conservancy. Karen is known
 
as a cyborg lawyer for her advocacy for free software, particularly in
 
relation to the software on medical devices. Prior to joining Conservancy,
 
she was executive director of the GNOME Foundation. Before that, she was
 
general counsel of the Software Freedom Law Center. Karen
 
co-organizes <a href="http://www.outreachy.org">Outreachy</a>, the
 
award-winning outreach program for women globally and for people of color
 
who are underrepresented in US tech. She is also pro bono counsel to the FSF
 
and GNOME. Karen is a recipient of the O’Reilly Open Source Award and cohost
 
of the oggcast <a href="http://faif.us/">Free as in Freedom</a>.</p>
 
<h2 id="dimesio">Rosanne DiMesio - Technical Bookkeeper</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Karen received her law degree from Columbia Law School in 2000, where she
 
was a James Kent Scholar and co-founder of the Columbia Science and
 
Technology Law Review. Karen received her bachelor’s degree in engineering
 
from The Cooper Union.</p>
 
<p>Rosanne DiMesio is the Technical Bookkeeper at the Software Freedom
 
Conservancy where she handles incoming and outgoing accounting
 
activities for all its member projects as well as financial operations
 
for Conservancy itself. Rosanne has been volunteering with the Wine
 
Project since 2008 where she focuses on user support and documentation.
 
She has worked as an English teacher, a freelance writer and as IT
 
support. She is passionate about helping free software projects improve
 
their user experience. Rosanne received her Masters in Communication &amp;
 
Theater at the University of Illinois at Chicago and her Bachelor&rsquo;s
 
degree in English from the University of Chicago.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="bkuhn">Bradley M. Kuhn - President and Distinguished Technologist</h2>
 
<h2 id="denver">Denver Gingerich - FLOSS License Compliance Engineer</h2>
 

	
 
<p>
 
Denver works part-time managing the technical side of Conservancy's
 
license compliance work, triaging new reports and verifying complete and
 
corresponding source (C&amp;CS).  His roles elsewhere have recently
 
included financial trading software development on GNU/Linux and
 
previously involved writing system software for hardware companies,
 
including driver writing for the kernel named Linux at ATI (now AMD) and
 
Qualcomm.  He founded a company that designs and builds magnetic stripe
 
readers for security hobbyists where he designed the hardware and
 
developed the device's tools and firmware, which are both free software.
 
Denver also writes free software in his spare time, with patches accepted
 
into Wine, the kernel named Linux, and GNU wdiff.  Denver received his
 
BMath in Computer Science from the University of Waterloo.  He gives presentations
 
about digital civil rights and protecting the free software ecosystem,
 
having spoken at conferences such as CopyCamp Toronto, FOSSLC's
 
Summercamp, and the Open Video Conference.</p>
 

	
 

	
 
<h2 id="bkuhn">Bradley M. Kuhn - Policy Fellow and Hacker-in-Residence</h2>
 

	
 
<p><a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is the President and
 
Distinguished Technologist at <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 
Freedom Conservancy</a> and editor-in-chief
 
<p><a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley M. Kuhn</a> is
 
the <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/about/staff/#bkuhn">Policy Fellow and
 
Hacker-in-Residence</a> at <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software Freedom
 
Conservancy</a> and editor-in-chief
 
of <a href="https://copyleft.org">copyleft.org</a>. Kuhn began his work in
 
the software freedom movement as a volunteer in 1992, when he became an early
 
adopter of the GNU/Linux operating system, and began contributing to various
 
Free Software projects.  He worked during the 1990s as a system administrator
 
and software developer for various companies, and taught AP Computer Science
 
at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's non-profit career began in
 
2000, when he was hired by the Free Software Foundation (FSF).  As FSF's
 
adopter of Linux-based systems, and began contributing to various Free
 
Software projects, including Perl.  He worked during the 1990s as a system
 
administrator and software developer for various companies, and taught AP
 
Computer Science at Walnut Hills High School in Cincinnati.  Kuhn's
 
non-profit career began in 2000, when he was hired by the FSF.  As FSF's
 
Executive Director from 2001&ndash;2005, Kuhn
 
led <a href="https://www.fsf.org/licensing">FSF's GPL enforcement</a>,
 
launched <a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/">its Associate Member
 
program</a>, and invented
 
the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html">Affero GPL</a>.  Kuhn
 
was appointed President of Software Freedom Conservancy in April 2006, was
 
Conservancy's primary volunteer from 2006&ndash;2010, and has been a
 
full-time staffer since early 2011.  Kuhn holds a summa cum laude B.S. in
 
Computer Science
 
began as Conservancy's primary volunteer from 2006–2010, and became its first
 
staff person in 2011.  Kuhn holds a summa cum laude B.S. in Computer Science
 
from <a href="http://www.loyola.edu/academic/computerscience">Loyola
 
University in Maryland</a>, and an M.S. in Computer Science from
 
the <a href="http://www.cs.uc.edu/">University of
 
Cincinnati</a>.  <a href="http://www.ebb.org/bkuhn/articles/thesis/">Kuhn's
 
Master's thesis</a> discussed methods for dynamic interoperability of Free
 
Software programming languages.  Kuhn received
 
the <a href="http://www.oscon.com/oscon2012/public/schedule/detail/25039">O'Reilly
 
Open Source Award in 2012</a>, in recognition for his lifelong policy work on
 
copyleft licensing.  Kuhn has <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/blog/">a blog</a>
 
and co-hosts the audcast, <a href="http://faif.us/"><cite>Free as in
 
copyleft licensing.  Kuhn has <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/blog/">a
 
blog</a> and co-hosts
 
the audcast, <a href="http://faif.us/"><cite>Free as in
 
Freedom</cite></a>.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="deb">Deb Nicholson - Director of Community Operations</h2>
 
<p>Deb Nicholson is the Director of Community Operations at the Software Freedom Conservancy where she supports the work of its member projects and facilitates collaboration with the wider free and open source software community. After years of local organizing on free speech, marriage equality, government transparency and access to the political process, she joined the free software movement in 2006. While working for the <a href="https://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>, she created the Women&rsquo;s Caucus to increase recruitment and retention of women in the free software community. She piloted messaging and directed outreach activities at the Open Invention Network, a shared defensive patent pool for free and open source software. She won the O’Reilly Open Source Award for her work as <a href="https://mediagoblin.org/">GNU MediaGoblin</a>&lsquo;s Community Liaison and as a founding board member at <a href="https://blog.openhatch.org/2017/celebrating-our-successes-and-winding-down-as-an-organization/">OpenHatch</a>. She also continues to serve as a founding organizer of the <a href="http://seagl.org/">Seattle GNU/Linux Conference</a>, an annual event dedicated to surfacing new voices and welcoming new people to the free software community.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Deb received her Bachelor of Fine Arts from Bradford College and lives with her husband and her lucky black cat in Cambridge, Massachusetts.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="karen">Karen M. Sandler - Executive Director</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Karen M. Sandler is the executive director of Conservancy. Karen is known
 
as a cyborg lawyer for her advocacy for free software, particularly in
 
relation to the software on medical devices. Prior to joining Conservancy,
 
she was executive director of the GNOME Foundation. Before that, she was
 
general counsel of the Software Freedom Law Center. Karen
 
co-organizes <a href="http://www.outreachy.org">Outreachy</a>, the
 
award-winning outreach program for women globally and for people of color
 
who are underrepresented in US tech. She is also pro bono counsel to the FSF
 
and GNOME. Karen is a recipient of the O’Reilly Open Source Award and cohost
 
of the oggcast <a href="http://faif.us/">Free as in Freedom</a>.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Karen received her law degree from Columbia Law School in 2000, where she
 
was a James Kent Scholar and co-founder of the Columbia Science and
 
Technology Law Review. Karen received her bachelor’s degree in engineering
 
from The Cooper Union.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="brett">Brett Smith - Director of Strategic Initiatives</h2>
 
<p>Brett Smith began his FLOSS advocacy in 2000 at college, organizing
 
student groups and discussing the issues with professors and journalists.  He
 
also spent a couple of those summers interning at the Free Software
 
Foundation, and working in various assisting roles there when he returned to
 
campus.  Later on he worked as the FSF's License Compliance Engineer from
 
2006-2012, helping to shepherd the GPLv3 drafting process and do outreach
 
after the license was released.  From there, he worked as a Systems Engineer
 
at the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and
 
an <a href="https://arvados.org/">Arvados</a> maintainer at Curoverse before
 
joining Conservancy as Director of Strategic Initiatives in 2016.  He holds a
 
BS in Computer Science from the University of Kentucky.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="deb">Deb Nicholson - Director of Community Operations</h2>
 
<p>Deb Nicholson is the Director of Community Operations at the Software Freedom Conservancy where she supports the work of its member projects and facilitates collaboration with the wider free and open source software community. After years of local organizing on free speech, marriage equality, government transparency and access to the political process, she joined the free software movement in 2006. While working for the <a href="https://www.fsf.org/">Free Software Foundation</a>, she created the Women&rsquo;s Caucus to increase recruitment and retention of women in the free software community. She piloted messaging and directed outreach activities at the Open Invention Network, a shared defensive patent pool for free and open source software. She won the O’Reilly Open Source Award for her work as <a href="https://mediagoblin.org/">GNU MediaGoblin</a>&lsquo;s Community Liaison and as a founding board member at <a href="https://blog.openhatch.org/2017/celebrating-our-successes-and-winding-down-as-an-organization/">OpenHatch</a>. She also continues to serve as a founding organizer of the <a href="http://seagl.org/">Seattle GNU/Linux Conference</a>, an annual event dedicated to surfacing new voices and welcoming new people to the free software community.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Deb received her Bachelor of Fine Arts from Bradford College and lives with her husband and her lucky black cat in Cambridge, Massachusetts.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="denver">Denver Gingerich - FLOSS License Compliance Engineer</h2>
 

	
 
<p>
 
Denver works part-time managing the technical side of Conservancy's
 
license compliance work, triaging new reports and verifying complete and
 
corresponding source (C&amp;CS).  His roles elsewhere have recently
 
included financial trading software development on GNU/Linux and
 
previously involved writing system software for hardware companies,
 
including driver writing for the kernel named Linux at ATI (now AMD) and
 
Qualcomm.  He founded a company that designs and builds magnetic stripe
 
readers for security hobbyists where he designed the hardware and
 
developed the device's tools and firmware, which are both free software.
 
Denver also writes free software in his spare time, with patches accepted
 
into Wine, the kernel named Linux, and GNU wdiff.  Denver received his
 
BMath in Computer Science from the University of Waterloo.  He gives presentations
 
about digital civil rights and protecting the free software ecosystem,
 
having spoken at conferences such as CopyCamp Toronto, FOSSLC's
 
Summercamp, and the Open Video Conference.</p>
 

	
 
<h2 id="dimesio">Rosanne DiMesio - Technical Bookkeeper</h2>
 

	
 
<p>Rosanne DiMesio is the Technical Bookkeeper at the Software Freedom
 
Conservancy where she handles incoming and outgoing accounting
 
activities for all its member projects as well as financial operations
 
for Conservancy itself. Rosanne has been volunteering with the Wine
 
Project since 2008 where she focuses on user support and documentation.
 
She has worked as an English teacher, a freelance writer and as IT
 
support. She is passionate about helping free software projects improve
 
their user experience. Rosanne received her Masters in Communication &amp;
 
Theater at the University of Illinois at Chicago and her Bachelor&rsquo;s
 
degree in English from the University of Chicago.</p>
 

	
 
{% endblock %}
www/conservancy/static/copyleft-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html
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@@ -170,25 +170,25 @@
 
    <p>If you want to download the diagram, it's available
 
    in <a href="/copyleft-compliance/linux-vs-vmkernel_en.svg">SVG
 
    (English)</a>, <a href="/copyleft-compliance/linux-vs-vmkernel_en.png">PNG
 
    (English)</a>, <a href="/copyleft-compliance/linux-vs-vmkernel_de.svg">SVG
 
    (German)</a>, and <a href="/copyleft-compliance/linux-vs-vmkernel_de.png">PNG
 
    (German)</a>.</p>
 
  </dd>
 

	
 
  <dt>Can you explain further in words (rather than a picture) about the central
 
  component in ESXi that the lawsuit alleges violates the GPL?</dt>
 
<dd>
 
    <p>The GPL violation at issue involves VMware's ESXi product.
 
    Conservancy independently reviewed ESXi 5.5 and its incomplete
 
    Conservancy independently reviewed ESXi and its incomplete
 
      <abbr title="complete, corresponding source">CCS</abbr>
 
    release as part of our GPL enforcement efforts described above.</p>
 

	
 
    <p>Conservancy's preliminary investigation indicated that the operating
 
    system kernel of VMware ESXi product consists of three key components:
 
        <ul>
 
          <li> the proprietary component &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;, which is
 
            released in binary form only,</li>
 
            <li>the kernel module &ldquo;vmklinux&rdquo;, which contains modified Linux
 
Code, and for which (at least some) source code is provided.
 
            <li>other kernel modules with device drivers, most of which are
 
            modified Linux drivers, and for which (at least some) source code
...
 
@@ -234,114 +234,114 @@ Code, and for which (at least some) source code is provided.
 
    VMware combined Linux source code with their binary-only components?</dt>
 

	
 
     <dd><p>There are numerous examples available that show this.  The
 
       details of alleged infringement specifically relating to Hellwig's
 
       contributions to Linux are of course the main matter of the
 
       allegations in the litigation, and Conservancy
 
       released <a href="#diagram">the diagram above</a> to exemplify that
 
       issue.  Conservancy continues to <a href="#court-documents">hope VMware will
 
       agree to make public all court documents</a> as a matter of public
 
       good, since the court documents discuss the specifics of alleged
 
         infringement on Hellwig's copyrights.</p>
 

	
 
       <p>However, Conservancy examined VMware's ESXi 5.5 product in detail
 
       <p>However, Conservancy examined VMware's ESXi product in detail
 
       even before Hellwig's enforcement action began.  Below is one example
 
       among many where VMware's CCS was incomplete per GPLv2&sect;2(c) and
 
       GPLv2&sect;3(a).  (One can verify these results by
 
       <a href="#verify">downloading and installing the binary and source
 
       packages for VMware's ESXi 5.5 Update 2</a>.)  Note that this
 
       packages for VMware's ESXi 6.0</a>.)  Note that this
 
       example below is not necessarily regarding
 
       Hellwig's copyrights; VMware incorporated Linux code copyrighted by
 
       many others as well into their kernel.</p>
 

	
 
       <h3>Example of &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;'s combination with Linux code</h3>
 
       <p>Our example begins with examination of the file
 
           called <code>vmkdrivers/src_92/vmklinux_92/vmware/linux_pci.c</code>,
 
           which can be found in the &ldquo;Open Source&rdquo; release for
 
           ESXi 5.5.0 Update 2 (5.5U2).  A small excerpt from that file, found in the
 
           ESXi 6.0.  A small excerpt from that file, found in the
 
           function <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>, reads as follows:</p>
 

	
 
<pre>
 
#include &lt;linux/pci.h&gt;
 
[...]
 
/*
 
 * This function [...] is modelled after pci_remove_device, the function which would
 
 * be called in a linux system.
 
 */
 
static void
 
LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved(vmk_PCIDevice vmkDev)
 
{
 
   LinuxPCIDevExt *pciDevExt;
 
   struct pci_dev *linuxDev;
 
[...]
 
  if (unlikely(
 
    vmk_PCIGetDeviceName(vmkDev, vmkDevName, sizeof(vmkDevName)-1) != VMK_OK))
 
  {
 
      vmkDevName[0] = 0;
 
  }
 
[...]
 
VMKAPI_MODULE_CALL_VOID(pciDevExt->moduleID,
 
                        linuxDev->driver->remove,
 
VMKAPI_MODULE_CALL_VOID(pciDevExt-&gt;moduleID,
 
                        linuxDev-&gt;driver-&gt;remove,
 
                        linuxDev);
 
</pre>        
 

	
 
<h4>Combination of &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo; code with &ldquo;vmkdrivers&rdquo;</h4>
 

	
 
<p>The function, <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName()</code> must be defined, with an
 
      implementation, for this code above to work, or even compile.
 
      Inside <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/vmkernel64/release/device/vmkapi_pci_incompat.h</code>,
 
      found in the <code>vmkdrivers</code> package of ESXi 5.5U2, shows a
 
      Inside <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/generic/release/hardware/vmkapi_pci_incompat.h</code>,
 
      found in the <code>vmkdrivers</code> package of ESXi 6.0, shows a
 
      function header definition for <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName()</code>.
 
      However, the source of its implementation is not provided there or
 
      anywhere in the source release.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Further evidence that the implementation of this function occurs elsewhere
 
  can by found by running <code>objdump -x</code> on the un-vmtar'ed
 
  <code>vmklinux_9</code> module.  Note the following output in the &ldquo;SYMBOL
 
  TABLE&rdquo; section:</p>
 

	
 
<pre>
 
0000000000000000         *UND*  0000000000000000 vmk_PCIGetDeviceName
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>
 
&hellip;and the following lines found in the  &ldquo;RELOCATION RECORDS FOR
 
[.text]&rdquo; section:
 
</p>
 

	
 
<pre>
 
00000000000327ff R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
0000000000035318 R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
00000000000387e1 R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
000000000003cf40 R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
0000000000032db3 R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
00000000000333ea R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
0000000000036644 R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
000000000003986a R_X86_64_PC32     vmk_PCIGetDeviceName+0xfffffffffffffffc
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>The above two properties both suggest that the <code>vmklinux_9</code>
 
 module requires: (a) a definition of the <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName()</code>
 
 function to operate, but (b) that function is not defined
 
 inside <code>vmklinux_9</code> itself.</p>
 

	
 
<p>The definition can however be found in binary-only software provided in
 
  ESXi 5.5U2 &mdash; specifically, inside a file named <code>k.b00</code>,
 
  ESXi 6.0 &mdash; specifically, inside a file named <code>k.b00</code>,
 
  which is located in partition 5 on a disk where ESXi has been installed (or
 
  in the ESXi 5.5U2 installer ISO image).  Running <code>file</code>
 
  in the ESXi 6.0 installer ISO image).  Running <code>file</code>
 
  after <code>gunzip</code> on this file yields &ldquo;ELF 64-bit LSB shared
 
  object&rdquo;.  Meanwhile, <code>file k.b00</code> reports &ldquo;gzip
 
  compressed data, was &lsquo;vmvisor64-vmkernel.stripped&rsquo;&rdquo;.
 
  These findings strongly suggests this is an image of the
 
  &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo; component.  An <code>objdump -x</code> yields this
 
  &ldquo;SYMBOL TABLE&rdquo; section:</p>
 

	
 
<pre>
 
000041800036a408 g     F .text  0000000000000137 vmk_PCIGetDeviceName
 
000041800033193c g     F .text  000000000000012e vmk_PCIGetDeviceName
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>&hellip; which indicated these binary file contains the function body
 
for  <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName</code>.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Furthermore, after detailed searching, Conservancy found no evidence that any
 
  other code (other than modified Linux code) makes calls
 
  to <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName</code>.  This provides a strong indication
 
  that this function's primary purpose is to combine Linux code with
 
  &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;.  Conservancy also found other functions where similar analysis
 
  yields similar results as above.</p>
 

	
...
 
@@ -349,106 +349,108 @@ for  <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName</code>.</p>
 

	
 
<p>Having established the direct and close combination
 
  of <code>vmk_PCIGetDeviceName</code>
 
  and <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>,  focus now on the
 
  quoted code from <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>.  That code, note
 
  that one of the local variables is <code>struct pci_dev *linuxDev;</code>.
 
  A definition of <code>pci_dev</code> is found in
 
  <code>vmkdrivers/src_92/include/linux/pci.h</code> (which
 
  is <code>#include</code>'d above) reads:</p>
 

	
 
  <pre>
 
struct pci_dev {
 
[...]
 
#if defined(__VMKLNX__)
 
        /* 2008: Update from Linux source */
 
        u8              revision;       /* PCI revision, low byte of class word */
 
#endif /* defined(__VMKLNX__) */
 
[...]
 
       struct pci_driver *driver;      /* which driver has allocated this device */
 
[...]
 
truct pci_driver {
 
struct pci_driver {
 
        struct list_head node;
 
        char *name;
 
[...]
 
        void (*remove) (struct pci_dev *dev);   /* Device removed (NULL if not a hot-plug capable driver) */
 
[...]
 
#if defined(__VMKLNX__)
 
        /* 2008: Update from Linux source */
 
        u8              revision;       /* PCI revision, low byte of class word */
 
#endif /* defined(__VMKLNX__) */
 
  };
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>These structures, and based on those from Linux itself
 
  (<a href="http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/include/linux/pci.h?v=2.6.24">a
 
    similar version of this file can be seen in Linux 2.6.24</a>), and as can
 
  be seen above, have been modified to work with &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;</p>
 
  be seen above, have been modified to work with &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;.</p>
 

	
 
<p>In <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>, we saw a macro called with a
 
  variable, <code>linuxDev</code> which was of type <code>struct pci</code>.
 
  Thus, the combination of code from Linux's <code>pci.h</code>
 
  and VMware's <code>vmware/linux_pci.c</code> is very tightly coupled and
 
  interdependent.</p>
 

	
 
<h4><code>VMKAPI_MODULE_CALL_VOID</code> macro calls driver's code</h4>
 

	
 
<p>The
 
  file <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/vmkernel64/release/base/vmkapi_module.h</code>
 
  file <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/generic/release/base/vmkapi_module.h</code>
 
  contains the macro definition of  <code>VMKAPI_MODULE_CALL_VOID</code>,
 
  which is quoted below (with debug lines removed):
 
<pre>
 
#define VMKAPI_MODULE_CALL_VOID(moduleID, function, args...)  \
 
do {                                                    \
 
    vmk_ModInfoStack modStack;                          \
 
    vmk_ModulePushId(moduleID, function, &amp;modStack);    \
 
    (function)(args);                                   \
 
    )                                                   \
 
    vmk_ModulePopId();                                  \
 
} while(0)
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>When the macro is expanded, it means that <code>(function)(args)</code> is
 
  actually expanded to <code>linuxDev->driver->remove(linuxDev)</code>.
 
  Therefore, we see <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>, makes directs calls
 
  actually expanded to <code>linuxDev-&gt;driver-&gt;remove(linuxDev)</code>.
 
  Therefore, we see <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code> makes directs calls
 
  to a driver's remove() function, by combining with Linux's <code>struct
 
  pci</code>, and by VMware's introduction of this new calling code.
 
  Conservancy has confirmed many drivers from Linux are incorporated via
 
  these mechanisms; one specific example is discussed next.</p>
 

	
 
<h4>Combination of the tg3 driver with &ldquo;vmkernel&rdquo;</h4>
 

	
 
<p>VMware includes a file <code>vmkdrivers/src_9/drivers/net/tg3/tg3.c</code>
 
  in their source release.  This file appears to be Linux's tg3 driver.  It
 
  includes a definition of the <code>struct pci_dev</code> for this device,
 
  which reads:</p>
 

	
 
<pre>
 
static struct pci_driver tg3_driver = {
 
[...]
 
        .remove         = __devexit_p(tg3_remove_one),
 
</pre>
 

	
 
<p>Therefore, when the code in <code>LinuxPCIDeviceRemoved()</code>
 
  calls <code>linuxDev->driver->remove(linuxDev)</code>, the code ultimately
 
  called (in the case where a tg3 card is driven by the kernel)
 
  calls <code>linuxDev-&gt;driver-&gt;remove(linuxDev)</code>, the code
 
  ultimately called (in the case where a tg3 card is driven by the kernel)
 
  is <code>tg3_remove_one()</code>, which is found in <code>tg3.c</code> and
 
  comes directly from Linux.</p>
 

	
 
<p>(Note: <code>__devexit_p</code> is a straightforward macro found
 
  in <code>vmkdrivers/src_92/include/linux/init.h</code> (which also comes
 
  from Linux) that will simply expand to its first argument in this
 
  case.)</p>
 

	
 
<h4>VMware distribution of binary version of <code>tg3.c</code></h4>
 

	
 
<p>VMware furthermore distributes a modified version of <code>tg.c</code> in
 
<p>VMware furthermore distributes a modified version of <code>tg3.c</code> in
 
  binary form.  This can be found in <code>usr/lib/vmware/vmkmod/tg3</code>,
 
  which is extracted by un-vmtar'ing the file <code>net_tg3.v00</code> (found
 
  on the ESXi 5.5U2 installer ISO image).  Conservancy has confirmed that
 
  file is a compiled version of <code>tg3.c</code></p>
 
  on the ESXi 6.0 installer ISO image).  Conservancy has confirmed that
 
  file is a compiled version of <code>tg3.c</code>.</p>
 

	
 
<h4>Conclusions</h4>
 

	
 
<p>Given this evidence and related contextual clues, the only logical
 
  conclusions are:</p>
 
    <ul><li><code>vmklinux_9</code>, a binary object, dynamically links with
 
        the binary objects: <code>k.b00</code> and <code>tg3</code> (the
 
        driver built from <code>tg3.c</code>'s source).  These three binary
 
        objects together form a single running binary (likely along with many
 
        other binary objects as well).</li>
 
      <li>That single running binary contains code licensed under the GPLv2
 
       &mdash; namely the code derived from <code>tg3.c</code>
...
 
@@ -463,97 +465,98 @@ static struct pci_driver tg3_driver = {
 
          that <q>for an executable work, complete source code means all the
 
          source code for all modules it contains</q>.</li>
 
      <li>The binary work in question contains modules from <code>k.b00</code>,
 
        <code>vmlinux_9</code> and <code>tg3</code>.</li>
 
      <li>VMware did not provide source code for any modules found in
 
        <code>k.b00</code>.</li>
 
      <li>Therefore, VMware failed to comply with the GPLv2, as such
 
      compliance requires source code (or an offer therefor) for the material
 
        in <code>k.b00</code>.</li>
 
    </ul>
 
<p>The above is but one piece of evidence among many, but hopefully it helps
 
  to explain some of the &ldquo;combined work&rdquo; violations found in
 
  VMware's ESXi product.</p>
 
  VMware's ESXi product.  Conservancy did a similar analysis for ESXi 5.0
 
  as well as ESXi 5.5 Update 2 and found nearly identical results.</p>
 

	
 
<dt id="verify">How can I verify Conservancy's technical findings above?</dt>
 

	
 
<dd><p>The binary and source packages mentioned above are available
 
on VMware's website.  These packages contain the
 
previously-mentioned <code>linux_pci.c</code>,
 
<code>vmkapi_pci_incompat.h</code>, and <code>k.b00</code> files, as well as
 
    <code>vmklinux_9</code> and the source code that builds the latter.</p>
 

	
 
  <p>To speed up the process, Conservancy has provided
 
  a <a href="https://git.sfconservancy.org/?p=vmkdrivers;a=summary">Git
 
  repository that we built that includes the source components that VMware
 
  released</a>, and which are discussed above in our examples.  However, one
 
  can also obtain the source components directly from VMware, by following
 
  these steps (no login is required):</p>
 

	
 
<ol>
 
<li>Visit <a href="https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/details?downloadGroup=ESXI55U2_OSS&productId=353">https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/details?downloadGroup=ESXI55U2_OSS&productId=353</a>.</li>
 
<li>Visit <a href="https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/details?downloadGroup=ESXI600_OSS&productId=491">https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/details?downloadGroup=ESXI600_OSS&productId=491</a>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Click the &ldquo;Download&rdquo; button beside the text that reads
 
&ldquo;Open Source Code for VMware vSphere ESXi 5.5 Update 2&rdquo;.</li>
 
&ldquo;Open source software accompanying ESXi&rdquo;.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Confirm that the SHA-1 hash matches the published one
 
  (d121634668a137ec808b63679fd941cef9a59715), found under &ldquo;Read
 
  (35811b981470abe8b606d8a7a97c9795ce570597), found under &ldquo;Read
 
  More&rdquo; on that web page.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Mount (or otherwise open) the
 
  downloaded <code>VMware-ESX-550U2-ODP.iso</code>.</li>
 
  downloaded <code>VMware-ESXI-600-ODP.iso</code>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Extract <code>vmkdrivers/src_92/vmklinux_92/vmware/linux_pci.c</code>
 
  and <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/vmkernel64/release/device/vmkapi_pci_incompat.h</code>
 
  and <code>BLD/build/HEADERS/vmkapi-current-all-public/generic/release/hardware/vmkapi_pci_incompat.h</code>
 
  from <code>vmkdrivers-gpl/vmkdrivers-gpl.tgz</code> with tar and gzip.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Generate <code>vmklinux_9</code> by following the steps
 
  in <code>vmkdrivers-gpl/BUILD.txt</code> in the ISO.
 
  (Note: <code>vmklinux_9</code> is also available pre-built on a running
 
  ESXi system; <a href="#vmklinux">see below for instructions on how to access it</a>).</li>
 

	
 
<li>You may need the &ldquo;Supporting Toolchain packages for VMware
 
  vSphere ESXi 5.5.0 Update 2&rdquo; file from the above download page to
 
<li>You may need the &ldquo;Open source software disclosure package for
 
  toolchain&rdquo; file from the above download page to
 
  complete the build &mdash; upon downloading you will find it is named
 
  <code>VMware-TOOLCHAIN-550u2-ODP.iso</code> and has a SHA-1 hash of
 
  f679e81ffb2f92729917bbc64c2d541cf75b5b94.</li>
 
  <code>VMware-TOOLCHAIN-600-ODP.iso</code> and has a SHA-1 hash of
 
  9a68df4cbeb645c25002a02f11b1923f98d3d5b5.</li>
 

	
 
</ol>
 

	
 
  <p>To obtain the binary components, follow these steps (a login is required):<p>
 

	
 
<ol>
 
<li>Register for an account at <a href="https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/registration">https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/registration</a>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Click the &ldquo;Activate Now&rdquo; link in the follow-up email.  Enter
 
  the password used at registration time.  Click &ldquo;Continue&rdquo;.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Visit <a href="https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/evalcenter?p=free-esxi5">https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/evalcenter?p=free-esxi5</a>.</li>
 
<li>Visit <a href="https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/evalcenter?p=free-esxi6">https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/evalcenter?p=free-esxi6</a>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Click &ldquo;Register&rdquo; (under the text that reads &ldquo;You have
 
  not registered for this product&rdquo;).</li>
 

	
 
<li>Enter the number of servers you plan to install on (e.g., 1).  Click
 
  &ldquo;Continue&rdquo;.</li>
 

	
 
<li>If the &ldquo;VMware vSphere Hypervisor 5.5 Update 2 &ndash;
 
<li>If the &ldquo;VMware vSphere Hypervisor 6.0 &ndash;
 
  Binaries&rdquo; section is not expanded, click the plus sign next to it.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Click the &ldquo;Manually Download&rdquo; link that's beside &ldquo;ESXi
 
  5.5 Update 2 ISO image (Includes VMware Tools)&rdquo;.</li>
 
  ISO image (Includes VMware Tools)&rdquo;.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Confirm that the SHA-1 hash matches the published one (9475938b51cafc86c8b17d09f2493cb6b4fae927).</li>
 
<li>Confirm that the SHA-1 hash matches the published one (a38a9d37ea529329338de049679c1dd1687d3860).</li>
 

	
 
<li>Mount (or open via some other means) the
 
downloaded <code>VMware-VMvisor-Installer-5.5.0.update02-2068190.x86_64.iso</code>.</li>
 
downloaded <code>VMware-VMvisor-Installer-6.0.0-2494585.x86_64.iso</code>.</li>
 

	
 
<li>Find the <code>k.b00</code> file in the root directory.  Extract it
 
using <code>zcat k.b00 &gt; vmvisor64-vmkernel</code> (or a similar command).
 
Repeat the steps described above using <code>objdump -x
 
vmvisor64-vmkernel</code>.</li>
 

	
 
<li id="vmklinux">To retrieve <code>vmklinux_9</code> you will need to install
 
ESXi on your system by booting the ISO and following the instructions.  Once
 
booted, you can then enable SSH access using &ldquo;Customize System/View Logs -&gt;
 
Troubleshooting Options -&gt; Enable SSH&rdquo;.  Login to the system with SSH
 
and then run <code>find /vmfs -name misc_dri.v00 -print</code>.  On the
 
resulting file, run <code>zcat misc_dri.v00 &gt; misc_dri.vmtar</code> then
...
 
@@ -609,25 +612,25 @@ copied Christoph's code into their product.</dd>
 
    <ul>
 
        <li><a href="http://www.april.org/en/statement-support-software-freedom-conservancy-and-christoph-hellwig-gpl-enforcement-lawsuit">APRIL</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://fsf.org/news/conservancy-and-christoph-hellwig-gpl-enforcement-lawsuit">Free
 
            Software Foundation</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://fsfe.org/news/2015/news-20150331-01.en.html">Free
 
            Software Foundation Europe</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://www.gnome.org/news/2015/03/gnome-supports-gpl-compliance-through-vmware-suit-2/">GNOME Foundation</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="http://opensource.org/node/739">Open Source Initiative</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://samba.org/samba/news/announcements/2015-03-06_vmware_lawsuit.html">The
 
            Samba Team</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/p/swig/news/2015/03/defending-the-gpl/">The
 
        SWIG Project</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://plus.google.com/104877287288155269055/posts/cHgyreA76yY">Dave Airlie, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911061201/https://plus.google.com/104877287288155269055/posts/cHgyreA76yY">Dave Airlie, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://twitter.com/mjg59/status/573530001758294016">Matthew Garrett, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/#glikely">Grant Likely, Linux Kernel Engineer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="http://mina86.com/2015/03/11/the-time-has-come-to-stand-up-for-the-gpl/">Michal Nazarewicz, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/635624/">Luis R. Rodriguez (aka mcgrof), Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/635855/">Wolfram Sang, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://twitter.com/josh_triplett/status/573543072929198083">Josh
 
        Triplett, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
        <li><a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/635617/">Rik van Riel, Linux Developer</a></li>
 
    </ul>
 
  </dd>
 

	
 
<dt>I
www/conservancy/static/css/conservancy.css
Show inline comments
...
 
@@ -209,25 +209,24 @@ h3 { margin-top: .6em; margin-bottom: .4em; }
 
    background: #eaf1f1;
 
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fff, #eaf1f1);
 
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fff, #eaf1f1);
 
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff, #eaf1f1);
 
    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#eaf1f1', GradientType=0);
 
}
 
#container #sidebar li a:hover { background: #577632; color: #fff; }
 

	
 
#container #sidebar.Directors ul li.Directors,
 
#container #sidebar.Eval ul li.Eval,
 
#container #sidebar.Overview ul li.Overview,
 
#container #sidebar.Contact ul li.Contact,
 
#container #sidebar.Officers ul li.Officers,
 
#container #sidebar.Staff ul li.Staff,
 
#container #sidebar.Outside ul li.Outside,
 
#container #sidebar.Filings ul li.Filings,
 
#container #sidebar.License ul li.License,
 
#container #sidebar.Current ul li.Current,
 
#container #sidebar.Services ul li.Services,
 
#container #sidebar.Applying ul li.Applying,
 
#container #sidebar.VMwareLawsuitAppeal ul li.VMwareLawsuitAppeal,
 
#container #sidebar.VMwareCodeSimilarity ul li.VMwareCodeSimilarity,
 
#container #sidebar.CopyleftPrinciples ul li.CopyleftPrinciples,
 
#container #sidebar.VMwareLawsuitFAQ ul li.VMwareLawsuitFAQ,
 
#container #sidebar.AboutCompliance ul li.AboutCompliance
www/conservancy/static/docs/2019-09-18_Conservancy-USPTO-Petition-re-rule-2_189.pdf
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www/conservancy/templates/base_about.html
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{% extends "base_conservancy.html" %}
 
{% block outercontent %}
 
    <div id="container">
 
         <div id="sidebar" class="{% block submenuselection %}other{% endblock %}">
 
            <h2>{% block category %}About{% endblock %}</h2>
 
            <ul>
 
            <li class="Overview"><a href="/about/index.html">Overview</a></li>
 
            <li class="Contact"><a href="/about/contact">Contact</a></li>
 
            <li class="Directors"><a href="/about/board/">Directors</a></li>
 
            <li class="Officers"><a href="/about/officers/">Officers</a></li>
 
            <li class="Staff"><a href="/about/staff/">Staff</a></li>
 
            <li class="Eval"><a href="/about/eval-committee/">Evaluation Committee</a></li>
 
            <li class="Outside"><a href="/about/outside/">Outside Counsel, et alia</a></li>
 
            <li class="Filings"><a href="/about/filings/">Filings</a></li>
 
            <li class="License"><a href="/about/license/">License &amp; Sources</a></li>
 
            </ul>
 
         </div>
 
               <div id="mainContent">{% block content %}{% endblock %}
 
               </div>
 
   </div>
 
{% endblock %}
www/conservancy/templates/base_conservancy.html
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</div>
 
{% endwith %}
 
{% endwith %}
 
{% endif %}
 
{% endcomment %}
 

	
 
      {% block outercontent %}<div id="mainContent"> {% block content %}{% endblock %}</div>{% endblock %}
 
    <div id="conservancyfooter">
 
      <p>Connect with Conservancy on
 
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        and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUEeuNvX2UyTTyTYXR9dm_A">YouTube</a>.</p>
 

	
 
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      <p>Our privacy policy was last updated <strong>25 May 2018</strong>.</p>
 

	
 
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      <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a> 
 
      <br />This page, and all contents herein, unless a license is otherwise
 
      specified, are licensed under a
 
      <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">Creative
 
      Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
www/conservancy/templates/frontpage.html
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{% endfor %}
 

	
 
<p><span class="continued"><a href="/blog/">Conservancy Blog Archive&hellip;</a></span></p>
 
</div>
 

	
 
<div class="column">
 
<h2>Follow Conservancy</h2>
 

	
 
<ul>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://mastodon.technology/@conservancy">Mastodon</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://twitter.com/conservancy">Twitter</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://identi.ca/conservancy">pump.io</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://plus.google.com/104268783278405704634/">Google+</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/SoftwareFreedomConservancy/">Facebook</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUEeuNvX2UyTTyTYXR9dm_A">YouTube</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="/feeds/omnibus/">Full RSS feed</a></li>
 
  <li class="column"><a href="https://lists.sfconservancy.org/pipermail/announce/">News mailing list</a></li>
 
</ul>
 
</div>
 

	
 
<div class="column">
 
<h2>Support Conservancy</h2>
 
<p>As a 501(c)(3) non-profit charity, Conservancy relies on
 
  charitable donations for its operations.
 
  Please join {{supporters_count|safe}} others and <a href="/supporter/"><strong>become a Conservancy Supporter
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