@@ -286,99 +286,99 @@ considered pure "meta-data" for a ledger entry.
The `Entity:` tag is required for many types of ledger entries. The value of
the `Entity:` tag is a unique moniker that identifies the organization,
company, person, or legal entity that is the external party for the
transaction.
Note that there is no database of these monikers, so typos can cause
trouble. However, you could implement checks in
`accounts/config/config-tags.ledger` using a regular expression to verify no
typos have occurred. This would be somewhat cumbersome, since Ledger CLI
would likely require that the monikers be encoded into a regular expression.
Barring that, the
[integrity of your data should be periodically checked](checking-integrity-of-tag).
#### IncomeType Tag
The `IncomeType:` tag is used for all `Income:` accounts. This refers to the
type of income. The value of the `IncomeType:` tag is always a string.
Since this particular system is designed for USA non-profit entities who file
USA Form 990, the following `IncomeType` values are supported:
* `Donations`, which refers to standard charitable donations.
* `RBI`, which refers to "related business income".
* `UBTI`, which refers to "unrelated business taxable income.
Not that donor-advised funds and government grants don't currently have their
own `IncomeType`. It's possible this might be necessary; the authors aren't
familiar with how to handle those items on the Form 990. It would be a
relatively simple change to `config-tags.ledger`, though, to support other
income types, or to change it entirely to handle use-cases other than USA
Form 990 filing.
#### TaxImplication Tag
The `TaxImplication:` tag is used for all `Asset:` accounts when the
transaction includes a payment of $10.00 or more leaving the account. This
tag catalogs any tax implications that might occur on outgoing funds.
The most important USA-related issue tracked by this tag are contractors who
must have annual 1099 and/or W2 issued. An [`Entity:` tag](entity-tag) should always
go along with a TaxImplication tag.
The possible values for this field are:
* `1099`, indicating the amount paid requires issuance of a USA Federal Form
1099 for the `Entity` involved.
* `W2`, indicating the amount paid will be part of a USA Federal Form W2
report for the `Entity` involved.
* `W2`, indicating the amount paid will be part of a USA Federal income, as
reported on Form W2 report for the `Entity` involved.
* `Accountant-Advises-No-1099`, indicating that the circumstances and rules
seem to indicate a USA Federal Form 1099 should be issued for the `Entity`
involved, but an outside accountant advised that no 1099 need be issues for
this `Entity`.
* `Bank-Transfer`, indicating that the amount is a transfer between two
banking accounts under the control of the NPO itself.
* `Foreign-Individual-Contractor`, indicating that the NPO has established
that the `Entity` is a contractor residing outside the USA who is not a USA
citizen and does not for any reason pay taxes in the USA.
* `Foreign-Corporation`, indicating that the NPO has established
that the `Entity` is a corporation outside the USA.
* `USA-Corporation`, indicating that the NPO has established that the
`Entity` is an incorporated entity the USA (i.e., "Inc."), and therefore no
1099 is required.
* `USA-501c3`, indicating that the NPO has established that the `Entity`
has federal 501(c)(3) status in the USA, and therefore no 1099 is required.
* `Refund`, indicating that the amount is a refund owed to the `Entity` from
an amount previously paid to the NPO.
* `Reimbursement`, indicating that the amount is a reimbursement of expenses
incurred by the `Entity` and thus it is not income to the `Entity`.
* `Tax-Payment`, indicating this is a tax payment to a taxing authority (such
as the state or federal government) (e.g., a unrelated business income tax
payment).
* `USA-LLC-No-1099`, indicating that the `Entity` is an LLC, but not the type
of LLC for which the USA requires issuing a 1099.
* `Loan`, indicating that the `Entity` is receiving these funds as a loan
that is expected to be paid back.
#### Program Tag
The `Program` tag is used primarily to track program activity for `Income:`
and `Expenses:` accounts. This allows for knowing what particular initiative
initiated the income (e.g., a specific fundraising campaign) and/or what
particular program activity an expense is toward (e.g., funding travel to
some specific conference).
The Program tag is always a string with the same format as a Ledger CLI
account (primarily for use with Ledger CLI's `--pivot` and `--group-by`,