import cgi
import io
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse

class LoaderError(Exception):
    pass


class LoaderNoDataError(LoaderError):
    pass


class LoaderBadRequestError(LoaderError):
    pass


class LoaderSourceError(LoaderError):
    pass


class FileCache:
    def __init__(self, dir_path, filename_pattern):
        self.dir_path = dir_path
        self.pattern = filename_pattern

    def historical(self, date, base):
        path = self.dir_path / self.pattern.format(date=date.isoformat(), base=base)
        try:
            return path.open()
        except FileNotFoundError as error:
            raise LoaderNoDataError(path) from error


class OXRAPIRequest:
    DEFAULT_API_ROOT = 'https://openexchangerates.org/api/'
    DEFAULT_RESPONSE_ENCODING = 'utf-8'

    def __init__(self, app_id, api_root=None, *, open_func=urllib.request.urlopen):
        self.api_root = self.DEFAULT_API_ROOT if api_root is None else api_root
        self.app_id = app_id
        self.open_url = open_func

    def _get_response_encoding(self, response, default=None):
        try:
            content_type = response.getheader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
            _, ct_options = cgi.parse_header(content_type)
            encoding = ct_options['charset']
        except (KeyError, ValueError):
            encoding = self.DEFAULT_RESPONSE_ENCODING if default is None else default
        return encoding

    def _raw_query(self, url_tail, params):
        url = '{}?{}'.format(
            urllib.parse.urljoin(self.api_root, url_tail),
            urllib.parse.urlencode(params),
        )
        response = self.open_url(url)
        status_code = response.status
        encoding = self._get_response_encoding(response)
        response_body = io.TextIOWrapper(response, encoding=encoding)
        if 200 <= status_code < 203:
            return response_body
        elif status_code == 404 or status_code == 410:
            exc_class = LoaderNoDataError
        elif status_code >= 500:
            exc_class = LoaderSourceError
        else:
            exc_class = LoaderBadRequestError
        with response_body:
            raise exc_class(url, response_body.read(64 * 1024))

    def historical(self, date, base):
        return self._raw_query(
            'historical/{}.json'.format(date.isoformat()),
            {'app_id': self.app_id, 'base': base},
        )