shorter GPL\@.  Ultimately, the FSF gave priority to making GPLv3 do the job

that needs to be done to build a better copyleft.  Obsession for concision

should never trump software freedom.

\section{GPLv3~\S0: Giving In On ``Defined Terms''}

One of lawyers' most common complaints about GPLv2 is that defined terms in

the document appear throughout.  Most licenses define terms up-front.

However, GPL was always designed both as a document that should be easily

understood both by lawyers and by software developers: it is a document

designed to give freedom to software developers and users, and therefore it

should be comprehensible to that constituency.

Interestingly enough, one coauthor of this tutorial who is both a lawyer and

a developer pointed out that in law school, she understood defined terms more

quickly than other law students precisely because of her programming

background.  For developers, having \verb0#define0 (in the C programming

language) or other types of constants and/or macros that automatically expand

in the place where they are used is second nature.  As such, adding a defined

terms section was not terribly problematic for developers, and thus GPLv3

adds one.  Most of these defined terms are somewhat straightforward and bring

forward better worded definitions from GPLv2.  Herein, this tutorial

discusses a few of the new ones.

GPLv3~\S0 includes definitions of four new terms not found in any form in

GPLv2: ``covered work'', ``propagate'', ``convey'', and ``Appropriate Legal

Notices''.

While ``covered by this license'' is a phrase found in GPLv2, defining it

more complete in a single as ``covered work'' enables some of the wording in

GPLv3 to be simpler and clearer than its GPLv2 counterparts.

% FIXME: rewrite propagate 

The term ``propagate'' serves two purposes.  First, ``propagate'' provides

a simple and convenient means for distinguishing between the kinds of

uses of a work that the GPL imposes conditions on and the kinds of

uses that the GPL does not (for the most part) impose conditions

on.

Second, ``propagate'' furthers our goal of making the license as

global as possible in its wording and effect. When a work is licensed

under the GPL, the copyright law of some particular country will

govern certain legal issues arising under the license. A term like

``distribute,'' or its equivalent in languages other than English, is

used in several national copyright statutes.  The scope of

``distribution'' in the copyright context can differ from country to

country. We do not wish to force on the GPL the specific meaning of